What does the term “composition” refer to in visual arts?

The term "composition" in visual arts specifically refers to the arrangement of elements within a work of art. This involves how various components—such as line, shape, color, form, space, and texture—are organized and interact with one another to create a cohesive whole. Effective composition can guide the viewer's eye through the work, establish visual balance, and convey meaning or emotion.

In contrast, the historical context of the artwork pertains to the time and circumstances in which it was created, influencing its themes and techniques but not directly addressing the visual arrangement itself. The materials used in creating art refer to the physical mediums, such as paint, clay, or digital tools, which contribute to a piece's texture and style but do not define its composition. Finally, the emotional response of the viewer is an important aspect of art appreciation and interpretation, yet it is subjective and does not impact the structural layout of the artwork. Thus, the concept of composition focuses primarily on the strategic arrangement of artistic elements.