What distinguishes abstract art from representational art?

Abstract art is characterized primarily by its departure from accurately representing real-world objects and scenes. It often emphasizes elements such as color, form, and line instead of the identifiable subjects found in the natural world. This means that abstract art may express emotions, ideas, or concepts rather than depict recognizable subjects. In contrast, representational art focuses on creating artworks that accurately depict objects, people, or scenes, allowing viewers to identify and understand the depicted realities.

The distinction lies in the intention behind the artwork: abstract art seeks to engage with viewers' perceptions and feelings through non-literal means, while representational art communicates through a clear identification of its subjects. This fundamental difference in purpose and expression is what sets these two forms of art apart.